use crate::board::Board;
use crate::lexer::{lexer, DecimalToken, Token};
use crate::parser;
use crate::parser::{Expression, Expressions};
use crate::position::Position2d;
use crate::tile::{Operator, Tile};

/// Evaluates a single expression syntax tree.
pub fn calculate(expr: &Expression) -> f64 {
    match expr {
        Expression::Digit(value) => *value as f64,
        Expression::Parentheses(expr) => calculate(expr),
        Expression::Unary(operator, expr) => {
            let value = calculate(expr);
            match operator {
                Operator::Subtract => -value,
                _ => panic!("Invalid unary operator"),
            }
        }
        Expression::Binary(operator, left, right) => {
            let left = calculate(left);
            let right = calculate(right);
            match operator {
                Operator::Add => left + right,
                Operator::Subtract => left - right,
                Operator::Multiply => left * right,
                Operator::Divide => left / right,
            }
        }
    }
}

/// Evaluates a vector of expression syntax trees.
pub fn are_valid_expressions(expr: &Expressions) -> bool {
    let mut res: Option<f64> = None;
    for expr in expr {
        let value = calculate(expr);
        if let Some(res) = res {
            if res != value {
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            res = Some(value);
        }
    }
    res.is_some()
}

/// Determines if the given tokens are a valid equation.
pub fn is_valid_guess_of_tokens(tokens: &[Token]) -> bool {
    let mut res: Option<f64> = None;
    for part in tokens.split(|token| matches!(token, Token::Equals)) {
        let rpn = shunting_yard(part);
        if let Ok(rpn) = rpn {
            let value = evaluate_rpn(&rpn);
            if let Ok(value) = value {
                if let Some(res) = res {
                    if res != value {
                        return false;
                    }
                } else {
                    res = Some(value);
                }
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
    res.is_some()
}

pub fn is_valid_guess(board: &Board, positions: &[Position2d]) -> Result<bool, ()> {
    let tiles = positions
        .iter()
        .map(|&pos| board.get(pos.x, pos.y))
        .collect::<Option<Vec<Tile>>>()
        .ok_or(())?;

    let tokens = lexer(&tiles);
    let expressions = parser::parse(&tokens)?;
    if expressions.len() < 2 {
        Ok(false)
    } else {
        Ok(are_valid_expressions(&expressions))
    }
}

/// Convert an infix expression to a postfix expression.
fn shunting_yard(tokens: &[Token]) -> Result<Vec<DecimalToken>, ()> {
    let mut operator_stack: Vec<DecimalToken> = Vec::with_capacity(tokens.len());
    let mut output: Vec<DecimalToken> = Vec::with_capacity(tokens.len());

    for token in tokens {
        match token {
            Token::NumberLiteral(num) => output.push(DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(*num as f64)),
            Token::Operator(op) => {
                while let Some(DecimalToken::Operator(top_op)) = operator_stack.last() {
                    if top_op.precedence() >= op.precedence() {
                        output.push(operator_stack.pop().unwrap());
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                operator_stack.push(DecimalToken::Operator(*op));
            }
            Token::LeftParen => operator_stack.push(DecimalToken::LeftParen),
            Token::RightParen => {
                while let Some(top_op) = operator_stack.pop() {
                    if let DecimalToken::LeftParen = top_op {
                        break;
                    } else {
                        output.push(top_op);
                    }
                }
            }
            _ => panic!("Unexpected token: {token:?}"),
        }
    }

    while let Some(top_op) = operator_stack.pop() {
        output.push(top_op);
    }

    Ok(output)
}

/// Evaluate a postfix expression.
fn evaluate_rpn(tokens: &[DecimalToken]) -> Result<f64, ()> {
    let mut stack = Vec::new();
    for token in tokens {
        match token {
            DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(num) => stack.push(*num),
            DecimalToken::Operator(op) => {
                let right = stack.pop().ok_or(())?;
                let left = stack.pop().ok_or(())?;
                let result = match op {
                    Operator::Add => left + right,
                    Operator::Subtract => left - right,
                    Operator::Multiply => left * right,
                    Operator::Divide => left / right,
                };
                stack.push(result);
            }
            _ => panic!("Unexpected token: {token:?}"),
        }
    }

    stack.pop().ok_or(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_calculate() {
        let expr = Expression::Binary(
            Operator::Add,
            Box::new(Expression::Digit(1)),
            Box::new(Expression::Digit(2)),
        );
        assert_eq!(calculate(&expr), 3.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_are_valid_expressions() {
        let expr = vec![
            Expression::Binary(
                Operator::Add,
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(3)),
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(4)),
            ),
            Expression::Binary(
                Operator::Add,
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(6)),
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(1)),
            ),
        ];
        assert!(are_valid_expressions(&expr));

        let expr = vec![
            Expression::Digit(9),
            Expression::Binary(
                Operator::Add,
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(7)),
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(1)),
            ),
        ];
        assert!(!are_valid_expressions(&expr));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_are_valid_expressions_negative() {
        let expr = vec![
            Expression::Binary(
                Operator::Add,
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(2)),
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(-5)),
            ),
            Expression::Binary(
                Operator::Subtract,
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(-4)),
                Box::new(Expression::Digit(-1)),
            ),
        ];
        assert!(are_valid_expressions(&expr));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_are_valid_expressions_unary_negative() {
        let expr = vec![
            Expression::Unary(Operator::Subtract, Box::new(Expression::Digit(8))),
            Expression::Digit(-8),
        ];
        assert!(are_valid_expressions(&expr));
    }

    #[test]
    fn shunting_yard_sample() {
        let tokens = vec![
            Token::NumberLiteral(5),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Multiply),
            Token::NumberLiteral(9),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Subtract),
            Token::NumberLiteral(2),
        ];
        let res = shunting_yard(&tokens).expect("Failed to evaluate");
        assert_eq!(
            res,
            vec![
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(5.),
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(9.),
                DecimalToken::Operator(Operator::Multiply),
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(2.),
                DecimalToken::Operator(Operator::Subtract),
            ]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn shunting_yard_precedence() {
        let tokens = vec![
            Token::NumberLiteral(1),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Add),
            Token::NumberLiteral(2),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Multiply),
            Token::NumberLiteral(3),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Add),
            Token::NumberLiteral(4),
        ];
        let res = shunting_yard(&tokens).expect("Failed to evaluate");
        assert_eq!(
            res,
            vec![
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(1.),
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(2.),
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(3.),
                DecimalToken::Operator(Operator::Multiply),
                DecimalToken::Operator(Operator::Add),
                DecimalToken::NumberLiteral(4.),
                DecimalToken::Operator(Operator::Add),
            ]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn is_valid_guess_of_tiles_equals() {
        let tokens = vec![
            Token::NumberLiteral(4),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Subtract),
            Token::NumberLiteral(1),
            Token::Equals,
            Token::NumberLiteral(3),
        ];
        assert!(is_valid_guess_of_tokens(&tokens));
    }

    #[test]
    fn is_valid_guess_of_tiles_not_equals() {
        let tokens = vec![
            Token::NumberLiteral(8),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Divide),
            Token::NumberLiteral(4),
            Token::Equals,
            Token::NumberLiteral(5),
        ];
        assert!(!is_valid_guess_of_tokens(&tokens));
    }

    #[test]
    fn is_valid_guess_of_tiles_precedence() {
        let tokens = vec![
            Token::NumberLiteral(5),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Add),
            Token::NumberLiteral(-2),
            Token::Operator(Operator::Multiply),
            Token::NumberLiteral(3),
            Token::Equals,
            Token::NumberLiteral(-1),
        ];
        assert!(is_valid_guess_of_tokens(&tokens));
    }
}